• moral certainty就是合理地确定或没有合理怀疑的确定,但并不是绝对确定,即合理确定或建立在令人信服的理由之上的确信,排除所有以任何理由得出相反或相对结论的合理怀疑。最早来自亚里士多德的《尼各马可伦理学》:人们必须满足于适应于不同主体的确定性,因此在实践决策时,人们不能奢望数学确定性。1400年由法国哲学家Jean Gerson首先使用拉丁语的moralis certitudo,1637年牛津英语词典开始用英语表达这一意思。

  • 2008-02-19

    afterimage - [Philosophy terms]

    Stare at this picture for thirty seconds, then immediately look at a blank wall or piece of white paper. You will see a negative afterimage. In the afterimage, the colors of the United States flag will be corrected.
  • 2008-02-18

    testability - [Philosophy terms]

    Philosophy Dictionary: testability
     
    The capacity of a theory to yield predictions that can be tested, thereby either refuting the theory, or, more controversially, confirming it. See falsifiability.

     

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